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ARE THERE VAST NATURAL RESOURCES OF HYDROGEN WE HAVE NOT YET FOUND?


From Worldometer (new  COVID-19 deaths yesterday):

         DAY  USA  WORLD    Brazil    India    South Africa

2020
June     9     1093     4732         1185        246       82
July    22      1205     7128         1293      1120     572
Aug    12      1504     6556        1242        835     130
Sept     9      1208      6222       1136       1168       82
Oct     21      1225      6849         571        703       85
Nov    25       2304    12025        620        518      118
Dec    30       3880    14748       1224       299      465
2021
Jan     14       4142      15512       1151         189     712
Feb      3       4005    14265       1209       107      398
Mar      2       1989     9490        1726       110      194
April     6        906    11787         4211       631       37
May     4        853     13667        3025      3786     59 
June    1        287    10637         2346      3205      95
 July    7         251      8440        1595        817      411
Aug     4         656    10120        1118        532      423 
Sept   22      2228      9326          839       279     124
Oct      6       2102      8255          543       315       59
Nov    3        1436      7830         186        458       23
Dec     1       1633      8475          266        477       28
2022
Jan     7        2025      6729         148         285     140
Feb     2        2990   12012          946        991      175
Mar     2        1778     7756          335         173       28 
Apr     1          439      4056         290          52       12
May    5          225      2404         151            ?        64
June    2         216      1413         130           10        31
July    6          316      1627         335           35       12 
Aug    4          311       2138         258          70         ?
Sep    1           272       1732         174            ?         ?
Oct     6          281       1305         119            9         ?
Nov    3          167         980           16            ?         ?
        25            88         985           71             3        ?  
Dec    3          149       1029         131            3         ?
          8          194       1320         104             6       86
        15           147       1295         124             4         ?
        22          289       1637         165             9         ? 
        28          296       1768         337            2         ?
Jan    4          346       1534         207             ?         ?
         5           220       1611          183             ?         ? 
       12            270       1470         128             ?         ?
       19            225       1775         480             ?         ?
        26           351       1361           92             1         7
Feb    1           221       1261         126              ?         ?
          8          329        999          50             2         ?
        15           211         999         132             1         ?
         22          177       1016         312             1         ?

Effective February 1, 2023, the Coronavirus Tracker has switched from LIVE to Daily Updates. 
As a number of major countries have now transitioned to weekly updates, there is no need anymore for immediate updates throughout the day as soon as a new report is released. On January 29, 2020, Worldometer started tracking the coronavirus, providing the most timely and accurate global statistics to all users and institutions around the world at a time when this was extremely challenging. We thank everyone who participated in this extraordinary collaborative effort.

Reporting countries are switching to weekly trends, which are more accurate than those above daily ones.  So here is another view of new cases on a weekly basis:


         DAY     WORLD          #1                          #2                    #3            
2023     
Feb    22       848,465     Japan 172,960    Taiwan 108,832   USA 105,910

Summary:
  • Cases for past week per million population.
    • World  106
    • #1    Nauru  39,622
    • #2    Niue  20,962
    • #3    Taiwan   4,556
    • #4    Austria  3,844
    • #7    S. Korea  1,445
    • #10  New Zealand  1,195
    • #11  Germany  1,175
    • #12  Samoa  1,014
    • #14  Japan  927
    • #23  Russia  665
    • #32  USA  316
    • #39  Canada  199
    • #42  Australia  170
    • #71  Tonga  56
    • #80  New Caledonia  34
    • Interestingly enough, both Nauru and Niue had no deaths this past week.
    • However, Taiwan led the world in deaths for the week per million population.
  • Deaths for the week.
    • World  5120
    • #1  USA  965
    • #2  Japan  787
    • #3  Brazil  487
  • Deaths for the week per million population.
    • World  0.1
    • #1    Taiwan  17
    • #2    Bermuda  1
    • #3    Barbados  7
    • #4    Japan  6
    • #18  USA  3
    • #27  Brazil  2
    • #29  Australia  2
  • In any case, this pandemic is nearing an end, with relatively few deaths now occurring.
  • So how is China doing?
    • This Worldometer table shows that China has only had around half a million cases since the beginning.  This is in comparison to #1 USA with 105 million and India #2 with 45 million.
    • Worldometer shows only 5272 total deaths, with #1 USA at just over one million total deaths and #2 Brazil at around 700,000 total deaths.
    • However, the World Health Organization shows that  China has had nearly 100 million total cases, just below that of the U.S.....and 119,510 total deaths, with the U.S. at just over a million.
    • This would give China a covid mortality rate of 0.12%, with the U.S. at 1%.  How can the U.S. be 10 times higher?  
      • Maybe has something to do with counting asymptomatic case and/or the effectiveness of vaccinations.  Or erroneous data.
      • The flu mortality rate in the U.S. 2017-8 season was 0.27%, or more than double that China mortality rate.
      • The flu mortality rate in the U.S. 2021-2 season  was only 0.06%.
    • The world seasonal flu death range before the pandemic was from nearly 300,000 to 650,000/year.
      • If only 5,000 covid deaths are now occurring/week, multiplying by 52 would give an current annual COVID-19 deaths number of 260,000, OR LOWER THAN THE SEASONAL FLU DEATHS.
      • Time for the World Health Organization to call an end to this pandemic.
      • Or are we in for a next subvariant wave?
      • WHO reported that China yesterday had 12,194 new cases.  The World yesterday had 76,756, with only Japan, Russia and Taiwan with more new cases than China.  The U.S. had 2052 new cases.  But of course we only have a population a fourth of theirs.  Multiplying by 4 would bring our new cases number closer to them on a per capita basis.
I yesterday posted on Hydrogen (also known as Protium) and Muonium.  Looks like Muonium is not, and will never become, an element.  However, hydrogen, unlike, methane, has not previously been found in underground deposits.  Much of hydrogen has probably leaked out into outer space:

Even with its protective bubble, Earth is losing enough hydrogen to fill a meter-wide balloon every second. No need to worry-- it'll take a few billion years before we lose all our hydrogen this way, but maybe someday in the distant future someone will look at Earth and ask, just as we do of Mars now, was there ever life on this chunk of rock.

The 17 February 2023 issue of Science, however, focused on Hidden Hydrogen.

  • The story began in 1987 when a well was dug for water in the village of Bourakébougou, Mali
    • At a depth of 354 feet, some gas began to escape.
    • A driller peered into the hole while smoking a cigarette, and the gas exploded in his face.
    • A blue fired burned into their fields, and took a weeks to snuff out.
    • The well was capped.
  • In 2007 Aliou Diallo, chair of Petroma, an oil and gas company, acquired rights to prospect the region surrounding Bourakébougou.
  • In 2012, Diallo recruited Chapman Petroleum to determine what was in the borehole.  It was 98% hydrogen.
  • A few months later, a Ford engine was tuned to burn hydrogen and hooked up to a 300-KW generator, giving the village electricity.
  • Diallo changed his company name to Hydroma.
  • The company described the Malian field in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.  I am an honorary board member.
  • In 2019. Natural Hydrogen Energy completed their first hydrogen borehole in Nebraska.  Viacheslav Zgonnik is the CEO.  In 2022 the American Association of Petroleum Geologists formed a natural hydrogen committee.  Says that natural hydrogen has the potential to replace all fossil fuels.
Apparently water-rock reactions deep within the Earth can generate hydrogen, which percolates up and accumulates in underground traps.  A trillion ton?  A U.S. Geological Survey model presented at the October 2022 meeting of the Gelogical Society of American speculates that there is enough natural hydrogen to meet global needs for thousands of years.  Thus, this could well be renewable natural hydrogen.

Interest in this new clean energy resource is quickly growing, but the simple fact is that it is too early to speculated about major commercial opportunities.  However, Eric Gaucher left French oil giant Total because it wasn't moving fast enough on hydrogen.  He believes that the Mali discovery could end up in the history books alongside what happened 163 years ago in Titusville Pennsylvania.  In those days, there were oil seeps in places like Iraq and California, but we were blind to what lay underground.  Then on 27 August of 1859 Edwin Drake struck black gold at only 69 feet.

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